The World of Clones

By: Jarod Farrow

For a long time cloning has been seen as impossible and farfetched. It has appeared in movies such as Star Wars, Spliced, Judge Dredd, and Jurassic Park.  Nowadays cloning is being studied and tested. Some breakthroughs have already been made where as we now possess the ability to clone animals to eat. Cloning is a process that can change the world because of its ability to recreate something multiple times repeatedly .

First of all cloning has three different attributes: Reproductive, Gene, and Therapeutic. Reproductive cloning consists of taking a fully grown somatic cell from the subject to be cloned and an egg cell, taking the nucleus out of the egg cell and inserting the nucleus of the somatic cell into the egg cell (What is Genetics). The new cell is then made to reproduce and grow bigger where it is then put in a surrogate mother (What is Genetics). After growing and birth, the new subject will look just like the somatic cell donor.  The reasoning behind this is that the nucleus of the egg cell wasn’t used and was replaced (What is Genetics). The F.D.A. has approved of cloned animals being used to make food (Pollack).

The second type is Therapeutic cloning. While Therapeutic cloning is a lot like Reproductive cloning, it doesn’t deal with animals. Therapeutic cloning is where scientists try to clone cells with the same DNA of the donor cell (Cloning). Therapeutic cloning is most oftenly used by scientists to replicate diseases in a controlled area so the disease can be studied and investigated without the risk of human life (Cloning). So far to date there has not been any hope of cloning a human yet.

Lastly the third type of cloning is Gene cloning. Gene cloning is where scientists put the gene of one organism like an animal cell and put it into a different organism (Cloning). The new organism is then studied and put into a habitat that will make it most likely to reproduce making the gene copy itself multiple times (Cloning).

Cloning truly is a marvel of science in its ability to recreate a living organism from a simple cell. Cloning has many uses to us in this day and age; food, cures, and many others can be brought about through cloning. In the past, the thought of cloning was preposterous, but today it is considered an actual branch of scientific evolution.

Bibliography

Cloning. 18 4 2012 <http://www.genome.gov/25020028#al-1>.

Pollack, Andrew. "F.D.A. Says Food From Cloned Animals Is Safe ." New York Times (2008): 1.

What is Genetics. 12 4 2012 <http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/tech/cloning/whatiscloning/>.

A Dogs World

Author's note: I am writing this because we just got a training collar for my dog and i wanted to know how to use it and it said to first have a basic understanding of how to train your dog without a collar. All the information I found seemed like a good thing to use in writing. I am focusing on text structure and introductions.


Dogs, man’s best friend. For years man and dog have been loyal to each other and cared for each other. There has always been a strong relationship between us and dogs for longer than we remember and for centuries we have been thinking of them as friends that we love and care for.  This is going to be all about dogs and the reasons why they behave the way they do, how to train them, and what to do when you first get a dog.  After reading this paper I hope you have a good idea what to do with your new dog and I also hope that if you don’t have a dog right now I hope you will get one from rescue so that they don’t have to die. They need us.

First of all there are two reasons dogs behave the way they do and those are heredital behaviors, and trained behaviors. The heredital behaviors are passed down on genes from parent to child. What I mean by this is that a parent with aggressive behaviors will probably have a child with aggressive behaviors and a calm parent would more likely have a calm child than a excited one. Trained behaviors are behaviors dogs get from us or their pack. Their trained behaviors would be more like submission, respect, attacking, protecting etc. We teach them to respect us like we are their pack leader and not the other way around. Once they are taught respect they will be more attentive of their elders and their pack leaders. Remember to always make sure they know you are the Alpha of the pack.

Secondly the best way to train dogs is to find out their specific type of learning style (i.e.- if they are timid you should see what would be the best way to train timid dogs.) once you know your dogs nature and training style you should go off of that to train your dog. Another thing you should remember is that no matter what your dog’s nature you always have to use repetition in everything you do to train your dog. You also need to make sure that every time your dog does what you want him/her to do you have to reward him/her with a treat and praise, that way they know that it is good to do that and they will learn faster.

Also when you get your dog for the first time you always need to make sure that you have a good environment to introduce your dog to and you have to have a good attitude and all the right toys, tags, and necessities for a first dog or a new dog, some of which can be found at your local pet store and the employees will always be glad to help. Also you always have to make sure that when you get your dog you should schedule a vet appointment for you and your dog to see how much you should feed your dog a day, how much exercise he/she needs a day, and to get caught up on your dog’s medical conditions.  

I hope that if you have considered getting a dog you should indeed get it from a rescue, mainly because they will love you more, they will respect you more, and they will listen to you more. The reason they will love you more is that they didn’t have a home and had to forage for food and water while the prissy dogs sat in a fluffed up and warm cage without a worry in the world.  I can tell you in my opinion that you will have more fun with rescues because they are grateful and I have a dog that is grateful to us for getting her from rescue and she is a bundle of joy and energy. From what I have experienced with my dog I hope that you will consider getting a rescue dog. As I said before, They need us.